Once removed, polyps are examined whether they are cancerous (a procedure called a biopsy). Colonoscopy is a method that allows the doctor not only to look for polyps inside the colon and rectum but also to remove these polyps, a procedure called polypectomy. There are several tests to screen for colorectal cancer. Therefore it is best practice to remove all polyps. Not all polyps are cancerous, but there is no way to tell which polyp will develop into cancer. Cancerous polyps also grow deeper and spread into the outer layers of the colon or rectum wall and sometimes beyond the wall into the lymph nodes and other parts of the body. Initially, polyps grow and project from the innermost layer of the colon and rectum wall (mucosa) into the inside cavity. Colorectal cancer often begins with a polyp, an abnormal growth of tissue inside the colon or the rectum.
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